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On April 23, 2024, Manila’s heat index reached 47˚C. According to civilian Erlin Tumaron, it was “so hot you (couldn’t) breathe.” In the summer of 2024, temperatures soared, and they have only continued to rise over the last 30 years. Last year had the hottest Summer on record, with a scorching 50˚C on April 15th, 2053.

As of this year, Manila and the broader Philippines are grappling with significant environmental challenges. The Philippines experiences increased tropical cyclone intensity and extended dry seasons on Luzon Island. The average temperature rise has accelerated from 1.2°C in 2024 to 2.3°C in 2054, underscoring the urgent need for continued environmental resilience efforts.